/LMAR=0/XLINE=3/USET=7␈↓ α,␈↓␈↓ ⊂F1


␈↓ α,␈↓α␈↓ ∧REvaluation of Ralph Gomory's work in science and technology

␈↓ α,␈↓␈↓ α|Ralph␈α⊗Gomory␈α⊗received␈α⊗his␈α⊗PhD␈α∃in␈α⊗mathematics␈α⊗from␈α⊗Princeton␈α⊗University.␈α⊗ His␈α⊗thesis
␈↓ α,␈↓work␈α∪and␈α∪his␈α∪most␈α∪important␈α∪subsequent␈α∪mathematical␈α∪work␈α∪was␈α∪in␈α∪a␈α∪branch␈α∪of␈α∪mathematics
␈↓ α,␈↓called␈α↔integer␈α↔programming.␈α↔ Integer␈α↔programming␈α↔is␈α↔concerned␈α↔with␈α↔≡nding␈α↔whole␈α↔number
␈↓ α,␈↓values␈α∃of␈α∃some␈α∃variables␈α∃that␈α∃optimize␈α∃(get␈α∃the␈α∃best␈α∃value␈α∃of)␈α∃some␈α∃quantity␈α∃subject␈α∃to␈α∃some
␈↓ α,␈↓known␈α~constraints.␈α~ In␈α~the␈α~applied␈α~problems␈α~there␈α~are␈α~typically␈α~hundreds␈α~to␈α~thousands␈α~of
␈↓ α,␈↓variables␈α∪and␈α∪constraint␈α∪conditions,␈α∪and␈α∪therefore␈α∩the␈α∪only␈α∪practical␈α∪way␈α∪of␈α∪dealing␈α∪with␈α∪such
␈↓ α,␈↓problems is with computers.

␈↓ α,␈↓␈↓ α|In␈α⊃this␈α⊃work␈α⊃Gomory␈α⊃showed␈α⊃himself␈α⊃to␈α⊂be␈α⊃a␈α⊃very␈α⊃strong␈α⊃and␈α⊃deep␈α⊃mathematician,␈α⊃solving
␈↓ α,␈↓important␈α⊂problems␈α⊂where␈α⊂others␈α⊂had␈α⊂been␈α⊂unsuccessful␈α⊂in␈α⊂order␈α⊂to␈α⊂make␈α⊂integer␈α⊂programming
␈↓ α,␈↓a practically useful technique.

␈↓ α,␈↓␈↓ α|Gomory␈α⊃continued␈α⊃this␈α⊃work␈α⊃when␈α⊃he␈α⊃went␈α⊃to␈α⊃work␈α⊃for␈α⊃IBM␈α⊃in␈α⊃1959␈α⊃but␈α⊃he␈α⊃soon␈α⊃became
␈↓ α,␈↓involved␈α⊂in␈α⊂management␈α⊂and␈α⊂has␈α⊂been␈α⊂Director␈α⊂of␈α⊂Research␈α⊂and␈α⊂Director␈α⊂of␈α⊂IBM's␈α⊂Thomas␈α⊂J.
␈↓ α,␈↓Watson␈α∂Research␈α∂Laboratory␈α∂since␈α∂1970.␈α∂ This␈α∂is␈α∂IBM's␈α∂major␈α∂scienti≡c␈α∂research␈α∂laboratory␈α∂-␈α∂as
␈↓ α,␈↓distinct␈α∃from␈α∃the␈α∃product␈α∃development␈α∃laboratories.␈α∀ He␈α∃became␈α∃a␈α∃vice-president␈α∃in␈α∃1973.␈α∃ In
␈↓ α,␈↓this␈α⊂work␈α⊂he␈α⊂has␈α⊂shown␈α⊂a␈α⊂strong␈α⊂ability␈α⊂to␈α⊂understand␈α⊂work␈α⊂in␈α⊂the␈α⊂many␈α⊂domains␈α⊂of␈α⊂science␈α⊂in
␈↓ α,␈↓which the Laboratory is active.

␈↓ α,␈↓␈↓ α|Under␈α∪Gomory's␈α∪leadership␈α∪and␈α∪with␈α∪IBM's␈α∪resources,␈α∪this␈α∪laboratory␈α∪has␈α∪become␈α∪one␈α∪of
␈↓ α,␈↓the␈α∀two␈α∀or␈α∀three␈α∀most␈α∀important␈α∀industrial␈α∀laboratories␈α∀in␈α∀the␈α∀country␈α∀devoted␈α∀to␈α∀long␈α∀range
␈↓ α,␈↓research.  It has been strongest in physics and applied mathematics.

␈↓ α,␈↓␈↓ α|In␈α∩computer␈α∩science,␈α∩the␈α∩Laboratory␈α∩has␈α∩been␈α∩very␈α∩active␈α∩and␈α∩of␈α∩considerable␈α∩importance,
␈↓ α,␈↓but␈α∃its␈α∃scienti≡c␈α∃contributions␈α∃have␈α∃not␈α∃been␈α∃in␈α∃the␈α∃same␈α∃proportion␈α∃to␈α∃its␈α∃resources␈α∃as␈α∃have
␈↓ α,␈↓those␈α∩of␈α∩some␈α∩of␈α∩the␈α∩major␈α∩universities.␈α∩ Gomory␈α∩has␈α∩some␈α∩part␈α∩of␈α∩the␈α∩responsibility␈α∩for␈α∩both
␈↓ α,␈↓the successes and the de≡ciencies of the Laboratory he has led for sixteen years.
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